Bullying Is The Act Of Aggressive And Unwanted Behavior

What is bullying? Bullying is the act of aggressive and unwanted behavior that involves intimidating and/or physically harming another person. Among school age children, bullying involves a power imbalance of the stronger attacking the weaker. Children who are victims of bullying often feel alone and powerless to change their situation. When a child is bullied he can feel isolated, and clinical depression and low self-confidence may develop. As a parent, you may not realize that your child is being bullied. It is important to maintain open communication on a daily basis with your student, and discuss as much as your student will share. Sometimes a parent can share stories from their own past, and relive a bullying circumstance complete with a resolution or regret. This can open the door for your child to share his own problems and rely on you as his moral compass. When a parent steps in, their strength can bring hope to this predator/prey scenario. The child should learn how to handl e the bully themselves, and learn how to take back their own power. Depending on the brutality of the bully, this can be as simple as standing up for oneself and saying â€Å"no†. Handling a bully can be tricky, especially when the intimidation or insults occur online. Social media has become a platform for cruelty not seen in generations past. Cyberbullying has become a popular way to attack other children and the psychological damage to the victims can be devastating. Rumors are easily spread, andShow MoreRelatedCyber Bullying And Its Effect On Society Essay1396 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction There are two specific types of bullying. Bullying in itself and cyber bullying are two of the worst and most aggressive behaviors teenagers are involved in these days. No matter how this problem comes about or what process individuals go through to get to this point, it is an irresponsible yet dangerous form of action. Bullying in any form can cause harm to the victim, even death. Making a choice to be a bully is like that of building a bad character for one’s self. Definition CentersRead MoreCyberbullying Is A Major Issue1205 Words   |  5 PagesIt can happen to anyone, on your phone, through social media, and once it starts it’s hard to take control and stop it. Cyberbullying has become a major issue. Cyber bullying can be very damaging. It can lead to anxiety, depression, and even suicide. Also, once things are circulated on the Internet, they may never disappear, resurfacing at later times to renew the pain of cyberbullying. Cyberbullying can take many forms such as sending mean messages or threats to a person’s email account or cellRead MoreThe Dangers Of Bullying That Teens And Kids Face811 Words   |  4 PagesThe Dangers of Bullying that Teens and Kids Face Getting kidnapped, having problems with drugs, being bullied, and teen pregnancy are just a few of the many dangers that teens and kids face every day. One of the biggest concerns today is bullying. Bullying can happen anywhere and is a problem that affects millions of kids and teens each year. Bullying is defined as an unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeatedRead MoreSexual Harassment : How Does It Differ From Bullying?891 Words   |  4 Pages1. What is sexual harassment? How does it differ from bullying? Sexual harassment is an unwanted attention that is sexual in nature. It can be a one-time occurrence or a result of repeated behaviour. In addition, harassment is viewed from the victim’s perspective and what the perceiver or affected individual would feel in the exact same situation. Workplace bullying on the other hand can be defined as an act or verbal behavior that is persistent and continuous, with intent to mentally hurt or isolateRead MoreSocial Control And Criminal Deviance820 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Control and Criminal Deviance: Bullying Darryl Gennie Professor Catherine Terry SOC 100 Augusta 17 August 2015 Strayer University The most important step needed to analyze bullying is to review the existing knowledge. The literature review is a critical look at the existing research that is significant to the work you are trying prove including substantive findings as well as theoretical and methodical contributions to a particular topic. Get the facts and review them thoroughlyRead MorePersuasive Speech On Bullying730 Words   |  3 Pagesone who suffered bully? The act of bully has been a very controversial issue not only in the United States but all over the world. Maybe it is happening next to you. The word â€Å"bully† can be described as an aggressive behavior that involves unwanted, negative actions and which involves an imbalance of power or strength. If we distinguish the meaning of the word deeply, it can be classified as four specific types which are physical, verbal, social and cyber bully. Bullying is a threat to many childrenRead MoreBullying And Bullying Among Youth1429 Words   |   6 PagesBullying has been around for many years, yet it was only in 2014 that an official federal definition of bullying was released for research purposes. The Department of Education and Centers for Disease Control released this definition when they researched and surveilled bullying among youth (Gladden, Vivolo-Kantor, Hamburger, Lumpkin, 2014). Although many people associate bullying with childhood settings, it is actually something that can be carried on throughout adulthood, especially in the workplaceRead MoreDefining Bullying As An Act Of Repeated Aggressive Behavior1272 Words   |  6 PagesDucharme define Bullying as an â€Å"act of repeated aggressive behavior in order to intentionally hurt another person, physically or mentally† (2010). Many students in elementary, middle and high school are absent from school every day because of fears of being bully. These students get bullied just because they’re different or have special needs. Students who are vic tims of bullying lose their self-esteem and confidence. It makes them feel worthless and unimportant. It also causes them to harm themselvesRead MorePersuasive Essay On School Bullying1714 Words   |  7 Pagesthe significance of school bullying. For victims of bullying, they go to school every day facing harassment, taunting, and humiliation. Kids today come home and kill themselves or never want to go back to school because of BULLYING. â€Å"Studies show that 25-35% of teens encountered some type of bullying in their lifetime (Nansel et al,).† Bullying is a form of violent behavior that happens not only in the schools but everywhere. Kids everywhere have been exposed to bullying in school for generationsRead MoreBullying : A School Based Program For The Baltimore County Public School System934 Words   |  4 Pagesnot a Bully†: A School Based Program for the Baltimore County Public School System in Maryland In recent years the problematic circumstances of bullying has been brought to attention as a widespread problem. Most bullying takes place on school grounds and outside school grounds, affecting numerous students. Bullying is any unwanted aggressive behaviors of youths or groups of youth who are not current dating partners or siblings that involves a perceived or observed power of imbalance and is repeated

The Montgomery Boycott And Martin Luther King And The...

Even after the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments were declared, African-Americans faced segregation, oppression and race-inspired violence and laws, such as the Jim Crow Laws. After African-Americans obtained their end of slavery and earned their citizenship, Jim Crow Laws were placed, adding the â€Å"Separate but equal† which separated Africans to whites in public places, such as schools. In the year of 1954, the Supreme Court abolished the statement, â€Å"Separate but equal† as it was unconstitutional. Many people were still against the abolishment and acted toward violence. On the other hand, African-Americans acted upon non-violent actions of protest, one famous protest being the Montgomery Boycott, which was lead by African advocate, Martin†¦show more content†¦According to the Malcolm X on Afro-American History, â€Å"That’s like asking the fox to help you solve the problem confronting the wolf†¦ he’ll give you a solution that will put you right in his clutches and this is what the white liberal does.† Unlike King, Malcolm prefers each race to work for themselves and create their own society To him, whites won’t help any way in to solving the nations mess. To add on, both African-Americans approach the issue of integration-which is one of many actions that allow Africans and whites to live as one. According to King’s I have a Dream speech, it states,†I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and the ones of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.† In the 1900s, integration was a to combine both African-Americans and whites in an ‘equal society’ where all work together as one. Due to Malcolm X experiencing harsh realities of racial differences in his childhood, Malcolm X can’t conceive both African-Americans or Whites fuse with one another. It states in The Last Year of Malcolm, †Å"All we’re are saying now is since we’re already divided,the least the government can do is let us control the areas we live. Let the white control their, let us control ours-that’s all we’re saying.† Malcolm’s plan was to separate the two races,Show MoreRelatedDr. Martin Luther King Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement Essay1269 Words   |  6 Pagescontroversy.† (Famous civil-rights†¦) As Martin Luther King, Jr. said, the â€Å"measure† of a man comes not when things are going well, but when things are times are challenging. In the time of the Civil Rights movement, lots of African American people were measured by how they managed difficult situations. The Civil rights movement had many influential leaders and events. The overall importance of the movement was the profound impact it had on American life. The Civil Rights Movement had many importantRead MoreA Boycott Of Martin Luther King Jr.1569 Words   |  7 PagesJaden Grant Mrs.Tatcher Grammar CP 01 December 2016 A Boycott That Went Down In History Like Martin Luther King Jr. once exclaimed â€Å"Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter† (â€Å"Martin Luther King Jr. Delivers†). Martin Luther King and Rosa Parks were the leaders of this extraordinary boycott against segregation and inequality laws. They fought to end bus segregation against blacks, whites and alao show that segregation laws were unfair. This led to people allRead MoreThe Legacy of Martin Luther King Jr.1123 Words   |  4 PagesMartin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929 - April 4, 1968) was known as an activist and a remarkable leader for African Americans throughout the Civil Rights Movement. He was put in jail for his non-violent civil rights campaigns, spoke out for racial justice, and tried to find an end to racial discrimination. King’s legacy is still known present day, and continues to be one of the most well known leaders. Throughout Martin Luther King Jr.’s lifetime and the Civil Rights Mo vement, King was devotedRead MoreEssay about The Contribution of Martin Luther King to US Affairs1173 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ What was the contribution of Martin Luther King to US affairs? 1) Introduction: 1. Before 1945, the Negro community was regarded as socially inferior within the United States. 2. While slavery had been abolished in 1863 under President Lincoln, segregation was commonplace, especially in the southern sates. 3. The Jim Crow laws were in place to maintain this segregation and in 1896, the Supreme Court ruled these laws constitutional. 4. However, the growing discontentment among the NegroRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.: An American Hero1193 Words   |  5 Pageseconomic equality in a social movement known as the Civil Rights Movement. Many courageous people fought in this movement to eliminate racism and segregation, in an effort to reconstruct society. Of these people, Martin Luther King Jr., an African American pastor from Atlanta, Georgia, was one of the strongest civil rights activists in American history. He successfully fought against the status quo and as a result, he revolutionized American society. Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta, GeorgiaRead MoreThe Background And Background Of Martin Luther King Jr.1123 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Background: Martin Luther King Jnr was a strong leader and activist in the Civil Rights Movement in America. He was also an American pastor, humanitarian and leader of the African/ American civil rights movement. Martin Luther King led non- violent protests to fight for the rights of all people including African /Americans in the 1950s and 1960s. His dream was that America and the world would become a nonracist society where someone’s race would not impact on their civil rightsRead MoreMartin Luther King And Rosa Parks1574 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King and Rosa Parks were inspirational leaders that contributed greatly towards the civil rights’ movement. Growing up as an African American racial discrimination had surrounded King and Park making it hard as colored people were unfairly treated. Both King and Park knew the inequalities and sought education to aid themselves in their unfair life. Despite this, Park and King were brought up responsibly by their parents, King w as an active civil rights activist, participating in theRead MoreMartin Luther King, Jr Essay1153 Words   |  5 Pagestrip to equality through the eyes of Martin Luther King, Jr. Even after being emancipated from slaves to citizens, African-Americans were not ready to wage the battle against segregation alone. The weight which African Americans carried on their back, was lightened when they began to see what Martin Luther King, Jr. brought to the table against segregation. Martin Luther King, Jr. was the single most important African-American leader of the Civil Rights Movement and was responsible for dramaticallyRead MoreRosa Parkss Impact On The Civil Rights Movement1248 Words   |  5 Pagesand tensions started to climax during the era of the Civil Rights Movement, this discourse soon meet its challengers. In Montgomery, Alabama, arguably one of the most racist and defiant cities towards the movement of integration, people began to challenge the notion of racial segregation th rough a movement known as the Montgomery Bus Boycott. This movement, which lasted from December of 1955 to December of 1956, helped push the civil rights movement forward and challenge the dominant discourse of whiteRead MoreAfrican Americans During The 20th Century1261 Words   |  6 Pageseverywhere were fighting against segregation and discrimination of their race. Consequently, the timeline of events that occurred during this time uncovers the numerous battles that African-American people fought in order to gain their freedom, and their rights as Americans. While these battles seemed everlasting, African-Americans were more persistent than ever in their actions, and because of that, they succeeded. As African-American writer Margaret Walker once said, â€Å"Handicapped as we have been by a racist

Business Research Marketing History

Question: Describe about the Business Research for Marketing History. Answer: Social Market Review of Literature Introduction to the concept of social marketing Social market is also known as social marketing which seeks for developing and integrating the marketing ideas with other methods to impact behaviours that benefit the societies as well as individuals for the good of the society (Lagarde, 2013). It also pursues to incorporate best practices and research, audience, partnership insight and theory for informing the distribution of segmented social change along with the ssensitive competitive programs that are efficient, maintainable, well-organized as well as reasonable. Social marketing gives a tool to handle the issues by driving individuals to embrace more advantageous ways of life. Marketing has been active in influencing people to purchase items and utilise services. Similarly, marketing can equally urge individuals to receive practices that will upgrade their own and life of other people (French et al. 2011). Sometimes social marketing is occasionally seen only as normal commercial practices of marketing for achieving non-commerci al objectives. The fundamental purpose of social marketing is a social good, but the primary purpose of business marketing is a financial asset. It does not mean that the profitmaking marketers do not give to the social marketing to achieve social good. Progressively, social marketing is being depicted as having two guardians and a social guardian. It consists of social science as well as social policy methodologies and a marketing guardian which includes public sector marketing and business strategies (Wood, 2016). Late years have furthermore seen a more extensive centre in social marketing past the impacts on and changing individual conduct, to socio-social and fundamental results on social issues. Therefore, social marketing scholars are starting to support for a more general meaning of social marketing, past behavioural change, which is similarly worried about the impacts like productivity and adequacy and the procedure such as value, decency and supportability of social marketi ng programs. History and application of social marketing History The word social marketing was first developed by Gerald Zaltman and Philip Kotler during the year 1971. They realised the similar principles of marketing that were being utilised for retailing products to customers could be used for retailing attitudes, behaviours as well as ideas (French, 2015). Both the person explained the difference in the objective of social marketer pursues influencing the social responses not to take advantage from the marketer but to benefit from the target customers and the society. Besides, the first acknowledged evidence of careful utilisation of marketing for addressing a social matter comes from 1963 reproductive health programs controlled by K. T. Chandy. The issue came at the Indian Institute of Management or IIM in Calcutta, India. The colleagues of Chandy planned and executed a national family planning program with high quality, government based branded condoms and these are dispersed and sold throughout the country at low cost ("A little bit of mark eting history repeating A little bit of marketing history repeatingThe effect of word of mouth marketing in social networks", 2015). The event also contains an assimilated consumer marketing campaign operate with the dynamic point of sale campaign, sellers trained to retail the products and a innovative company created with the duty of executing the program. During the 1980s, campaigns of the health promotion began applying social marketing in practice. The community heart disease prevention studies and the National High Blood Pressure Education Program in Pawtucket, Rhode Island and at the Stanford University proven the efficiency of the approach for addressing the population-based risk factor behaviour change. These progresses took place in Australia. It contains the Victoria Cancer Council which deals with the development of anti-tobacco campaign named as SunSmart and Quit (Dann Dann, 2016). Application Numerous health and related social issues have behavioural causes. Social marketing is a methodology went for varying or keeping up individuals' conduct for the benefit of people and culture all in all (Gordon, 2011). This procedure has been utilised widely as a part of universal health programs, principally for therapy of oral rehydration, contraceptives, drug abuse, and donation of organs as well as prevention of heart disease. Since the 1980s, the field has quickly extended the world over to incorporate dynamic living groups, disaster response and preparedness, biological system and species protection, issues regarding ecology, advancement of volunteer or indigenous workforces as well as financial education (Hair, 2008). Also, it decreased variations and interest of sanitation and health. Practical utilisation, transportation request management, water treatment frameworks and gambling issues of youth, among other social needs, are additionally a piece of social marketing applicati ons. The field has equally demonstrated its use in everyday dangers of anti-infection resistance, government defilement, enhancing the nature of social insurance, prevention of injuries, education of landowner, marine protection and sea manageability, health care service of patients (Singh et al. 2015). Reviews in social marketing and its communication The concept of social marketing is influenced by positivist methods (Lagarde, 2012). Like Hastings in 2007, and Kotler, Lee and Roberto in 2002 social marketing have grabbed the consumer-centric approaches. According to Hughes and Tapp in 2008, social marketing deals with the everyday reality of marketing. In 2002, Andreasen asked for changing the sustainable living patterns which are becoming the primary issue in the society. Aside that, when the people as individual in the organisational level are asked for changing their behaviour, they are asked to alter their identity ("Social marketing: influencing behaviors for good", 2008). So, it is clear that it is a big ask when people request a change in behaviour. People are rational, but they are not logical. People prefer to act within the comfort of their value system. Each and every society is a complex adaptive system. Consequently, the practice of social marketing should be focused on suggesting solutions, and it needs to take care of the identity of the target people. According to Page and Resnicow, people make changes for the future development and that changes work for them. It's because of this, the approach of a social system is useful at starting point ("Social marketing in the 21st century", 2006). The social system is complex in nature, and the results are dependent on numerous factors. Therefore, a planned behaviour change may be accomplished by continuing step by step in sequential order. On the other hand, during 2007, Rose and Dade stated that in environmental movements the impact of values towards the driving of behaviour, as well as increasing awareness, are satisfied which consider local conditions. The success of programs is designed which recognises the local conditions are more in comparison with the international solutions ("ROI of social media: how to improve the return on your social marketing investment", 2011). In 2002, Zimmerman and Glouberman stated that their social marketing programs must be targeted. According to them, the management of a complex adaptive socio-economic system is like developing a child. Preparing a child is in their hand, but not its guaranteed success in life. Each and every child in this world is unique. Similarly, the community is also unique. Therefore, whether a community or a child some interferences are predictable regarding failure as a matter of course. There are uncertainties in the outcomes. So, it is significant for every individual in the community to identify their social needs and problems and suggest a solution by utilising the approach of social marketing. In 2006, Conroy and Lee expressed with a case to portray about how a campaign failed in a country town close to a significant city in New Zealand. In the statement, it described that the people of the village were high educated upper working class. The serene presence of the individuals was undermin ed by the proposed presentation of supersized over the ground power lines. The powerline organisation offered monetary motivating forces to get the assent of people. The emphasis was just on financial pay. The push to change the feeling of the villagers disappeared because the organisation neglected to resound with the character of the villagers. The organisation overlooked the social status of the villagers and neighbourhood environment of the town. Grier and Bryant indicated that in public health, the social marketing incorporate projects like increment in physical action, the increment in foods grown from the utilisation of the ground, smoking discontinuance, along with sexually transmitted sickness avoidance and so on. A few business promoting techniques might be connected to accomplish the social marketing. These might be social exchange theory, segmentation of the customer, the four Ps such as promotion, place, product and price, evaluation of marketing campaign and consumer o rientation. According to Andreasen, effective communication campaign should be built to change the behaviour, fathoms the perceptions and needs of specific target customers (Dahl et al. 2015). A successful effort must be put to understand the beliefs of the people along with their expectation from communication procedure. In 2003, Covello suggested that techniques such as interviews, information exchanges, group discussion, surveys and toll-free numbers understand what people know, want and think to know about an issue (Podnar, 2008). Perception and knowledge of public on the level and issue of motivation towards it must be determined to make an effective communication. He also stated that a message should contain clear non-technical languages appropriate to the target audience. The utilization of pictorial and other graphical materials also help in understanding the message. Visual signal may be used to avoid the words to transport the meaning of the message. During 2003, McDermott et al. sugge sted safeguarding the message with the target audience for revising by the outcome so obtained (Holland, 2015). Research Methodology Research Approach The research approach can be classified into three types such as abductive, inductive and deductive research approach. Here, the research approach is deductive since it is based on the validity of assumptions or theories and hypothesis. It is different from other two approaches because the inductive approach is concerned with the emergence of new generalization and methods and abductive approach is concerned with the puzzles and surprising facts. The conclusion of deductive approach is correct. Here, social marketing exists and is running all over the world, and it is true. The deductive process is based on a sequential order of some factors such as theory, hypothesis, test and rejection or confirmation. Source: https://research-methodology.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Research-approach.png Research Paradigm Taking into account the clarifications of Hardle et al. (2008), the positivist worldview contributes in the viable examination of the distinguished exploration issues according to the review subject depending on the gathered confirmations and investigative truths. Since positivism takes after a rationale based assessment of the collected information, along these lines it is famously known for being most experimental in nature. Authenticity, which emerges as another sort of exploration rationality essentially focuses on the investigation of episodes according to their events. Research Design The research design is concerned with the plan of a research study. It determines whether the research proposal is descriptive or correlational, experimental or semi-experimental, review-based or meta-analytic. Obviously, this particular research proposal about social marketing is not case study based, but it is a descriptive and review-based proposal. The research design is the system that has been created for seeking answers to research questions. The research proposal is descriptive because the points which are described above is devoid of pictures. The resources are taken from various journals and books. There is a literature review part which surely confirms that the proposal is review based. Data Collection Method The information and data about social marketing can be collected employing data collection method. It has two types such as qualitative data collection and quantitative data collection methods. Here, data is collected using quantitative methods because the collection process consists of experiments, observations and surveys (Axinn Pearce, 2006). Data are collected in a descriptive form but not in mathematical form. The calculations are done in qualitative data collection methods. The qualitative method consists of in-depth interviews, document review and observation methods. Research Strategy A research strategy is more concerned with the case studies, surveys, experiments and interviews. Researchers need to perform these strategies before jotting down the research proposal. Here, surveys and experiments are performed as research strategies. Surveys make a contribution by receiving a huge amount of data from a wide population using cost saving method. The particular strategy can be performed by offline or online methods. But here, online surveys are performed to collected quantitative data. A research strategy is significant for a researcher because it outlines the process and step-by-step method for completing a research proposal. Management of data and ethical responsibilities Data Management The social marketing automation is heavily dependent upon the completeness, accuracy as well as the validity of the data. On this data, technology will operate. Inaccurate and out-of-date data can lead to failure of accomplishing the social marketing objectives. As a result, it will delay the ability to create timely, relevant and engaging communication (Woodcock, Broomfield, Downer, Starkey, 2011). Data can be managed by maintaining the quality of data. A marketing automation platform will help the user to manage their lead procedure along with the building of better-qualified marketing leads. In reality, the first quantity relies on the quality as well as the context of data. The quality of the existing data must be assessed with its consistency and degree of reliability. The improvement in data management can be achieved by the utilisation of integrated data management or IDM. IDM contains modular and integrated environment for managing enterprise application data. It also includ es optimised data-driven presentations over its lifetime. The purpose of IDM is to provide enterprise-ready application faster. The goal also includes improvement of data access and speed iterative testing. It consistently achieves service level targets. Besides, it empowers teamwork between the database administrators, architects and the developers. IDM provides contextual intelligence across the solution stack. The data can also be managed using Oracle marketing cloud. It provides the most inclusive social tools for listening to social conversations as well as engaging with the customers, analyse the social data to drive revenue and align social message with other programs in marketing. Ethical Responsibilities Here, in the case of social marketing, ethical responsibilities means social responsibilities. Organisations and persons challenge a few limitations on what should ethically be probable to profit or to pursue after diverse objectives (Brenkert, 2008). There are additional performances that, irrespective of the circumstance that they are not completely unlawful in a particular locale. It cannot be incorporated with a decent morality. Falsification as well as misleading are virtuously wrong as well as restrain the creative working of the economy. There are countless regions where an individual must consider his or her conscience to choose if an endeavour is adequate. Viable loan fees (financing costs in addition to different charges included) may surpass twenty percent every month depending upon state laws. Some "paycheck advance" increase administrators charge high financing costs on little advances made in the reckoning of a purchaser's next paycheck. At times, insolvents set up thei r automobiles for security purpose, with numerous trailing their exclusive source of conveyance through default. Besides the organisation are high and these costs when spread over a little sum will add up to a significant rate ("Moral, Ethical, and Social Responsibilities", 2009). Moreover, because the client bunches being referred to have a tendency to have poor ratings in credit with high expected rates of default, rates must be sufficiently high to cover this. Though some reflect this practice unacceptable whereas others declare that such improvements might be the main way that a family can get money to fill an emergency requirements. Therefore, social responsibility plays a significant role in social marketing. References A little bit of marketing history repeating A little bit of marketing history repeatingThe effect of word of mouth marketing in social networks. (2015).Strategic Direction,31(2), 10-12. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sd-01-2015-0015 Axinn, W. Pearce, L. (2006).Mixed method data collection strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Brenkert, G. (2008).Marketing ethics. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub. Dahl, S., Eagle, L., Low, D. (2015). Integrated marketing communications and social marketing.Journal Of Social Marketing,5(3), 226-240. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsocm-07-2012-0031 Dann, S. Dann, S. (2016). Exploring Catholic Social Teaching in a Social Marketing Context: History, Lessons and Future Directions.Journal Of Macromarketing. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276146716641988 French, J. (2015). The Importance of Social Marketing History.Social Marketing Quarterly,21(4), 191-193. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524500415615007 French, J., Reynolds, L., Merritt, R. (2011).Social marketing casebook. London: SAGE. Gordon, R. (2011). Critical social marketing: definition, application and domain.Journal Of Social Marketing,1(2), 82-99. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20426761111141850 Hair, J. (2008).Essentials of marketing research. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Higher Education. Holland, J. (2015). Social Impact Buycotts: A Tool for Innovation, Impact, and Engagement to Teach Integrated Marketing Communications.Marketing Education Review,26(1), 33-38. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10528008.2015.1091669 Lagarde, F. (2012). Insightful Social Marketing Leadership.Social Marketing Quarterly,18(1), 77-81. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524500412438178 Lagarde, F. (2013). Socratic Questioning Applied to Social Marketing.Social Marketing Quarterly. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524500413495607 Moral, Ethical, and Social Responsibilities. (2009).Decision Sciences Journal Of Innovative Education,7(2), 346-348. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4609.2009.00235_6.x Podnar, K. (2008). Guest Editorial: Communicating Corporate Social Responsibility.Journal Of Marketing Communications,14(2), 75-81. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13527260701856350 ROI of social media: how to improve the return on your social marketing investment. (2011).Choice Reviews Online,49(04), 49-2172-49-2172. https://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.49-2172 Singh, A., Saini, G., Majumdar, S. (2015). Application of Social Marketing in Social Entrepreneurship: Evidence From India.Social Marketing Quarterly,21(3), 152-172. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524500415595208 Social marketing in the 21st century. (2006).Choice Reviews Online,44(03), 44-1613-44-1613. https://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.44-1613 Social marketing: influencing behaviors for good. (2008).Choice Reviews Online,45(10), 45-5669-45-5669. https://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.45-5669 Wood, M. (2016). Social Marketing for Social Change.Social Marketing Quarterly,22(2), 107-118. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524500416633429 Woodcock, N., Broomfield, N., Downer, G., Starkey, M. (2011). The evolving data architecture of social customer relationship management.J Direct Data Digit Mark Pract,12(3), 249-266. https://dx.doi.org/10.1057/dddmp.2010.45

The Cultural

The Cultural-Historical Context for Andy Warhols work Essay Finally, Will conclude With an actual demonstration of screen-printing in the Museums basement studios In coming weeks, youll have an opportunity to ear much more about the cultural-historical context for Andy Whorls work from two exceptional area scholars, beginning next Friday evening with a lecture by my colleague at XV, DRP. Kristin Storm, and on Susan Deere of Kendall College of Art Design. As Jean indicated in her introduction, teach drawing and printmaking at GIVES. In other words, Im approaching Whorls work very much as a studio artist. As a printmaker in particular, Im predisposed to note the large degree (great extent? ) to which the innate characteristics of the medium in this case screen-printing enable and inform the meaning of Whorls work. At the outset to each printmaking course teach at Grand Valley, provide students a brief overview of the social history of the print; I divulge its rich heritage in the service to dispensing and preserving our (collected cultural discourse, from ) verbal and pictorial languages, knowledge and history, cultural discourse, from ancient scripture to textile design to political critique. We will write a custom essay on The Cultural-Historical Context for Andy Warhols work specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In addition cite the formal qualities specific to the print multiplicity, mutability, and its recombinant capabilities. Open with this background as a means of framing the work students will produce in the course. Id like to provide a similar overview here, as a means framing the work of Warhol, which is so richly informed by the native characteristics of his processes. As the expression goes: the medium is the message; form and content are inseparable. First offer a brief tutorial on the process Of screen-print, in the hopes Of providing a bit Of context and a richer appreciation for the images/discussion to follow. Atilt silk-screening, you pick a photograph, blow it up, transfer it in glue onto silk, and then roll ink across so that the ink goes through the silk but not through the glue. Ã'Ëœ The Imagery Warhol screen-printed images onto canvas in the early 1 sass, and he began simultaneously to translate this technique to printing on paper. His subjects related directly to his p aintings of the same period: James Canned, the Race Riots, and Ambulance Disasters. These works on paper were printed in monochromatic tones and screened in a method that retained the graininess and immediacy of the mass media images on which they were based. Warhol considered these works to be unique drawings. Changes in the ink saturation and/or in the composition during the printing process created variations in each work, Screen- ranting was ideally suited to Warhol in two distinct ways: First technically, it allows him to harvest images from a vast bounty of sources. Secondly he fittingly adapted a low culture, commercial process for the production of images chronicling life in celebrity-crazed, consumer-driven, Post-War America. One of the well-known strategies of Pop Artists Warhol and Liechtenstein, among them Vass their appropriation of the visual characteristics of mechanical reproduction (which you can see clearly here in Licentiates Ben Day dots pattern. Warhol went further than borrowing the engage, employing the means Of commercial printing itself. As Of the sass, screen-printing was a widely-practiced process for the printing of posters, t- shirts, and Other graphics in the LIST. In Other words, Warhol chose this medium for its associations with the culture of advertising and shopping/consumerism. L want everybody to think alike. Russia is doing it under government. Its happening here all by itself. Dont think art should be only for the select few. I think it should be for the mass of American people. But how exactly does one represent the mass of American people? Through its proxies: (A) Through he objects of its consumption: Campbell cans, Coke bottles, Brills pads and Mobil Gas (d) Through the media icons it reveres, and (C) Through the images of anonymous tragic figures Disaster and death were not his primary concerns, but rather the anonymous victims of history the masses. D and D evoke this mass subject, for in a sorcery of spectacle this subject oaten appears only in stories and images of mass death. l want to be a machine: The History of the print as a means/tool for social and political critique) Although screen-printing as Warhol practiced it is primarily a 20th century advent, the tradition of the print as a icicle for disseminating ideas and information (as the box populist) is centuries old. Among the earliest surviving printed artifacts in Western civilization are these two contradictory images: a Holy Picture on the left, and playing cards on the right. Each dates from the mid-15th century, each is the product Of the same technological innovation, the wood block (and in the eyes of the Catholic church, working at cross purposes With one another! ) Many Of the most Widely reproduced and well-known prints in the Western world are images of cultural unrest and political and social critique. These are a few examples: Francisco .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a , .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a .postImageUrl , .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a , .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a:hover , .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a:visited , .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a:active { border:0!important; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a:active , .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u487d54edced022994fdb4b5e1a042f7a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Social Work Environment EssaySoya, 18th C Spanish printmaker William Hogwash, 18th C English printmaker Honoree Dandier, 19th C French printmaker Kathy Kilovolt, early 20th C German printmaker Jose Guadalupe Posada, late 19th C Mexican printmaker All of what I have to say is right there on the surface Remarks such as this one are at times misconstrued as superficiality a dismissal of content suggesting to some that Whorls choice of imagery was indiscriminate. Especially today, Warhol is often misinterpreted through his studied, stoic affect as an artist who felt nothing more for his work than tort the contents of his local grocery store. Old argue that Whorls imagery i s anything hut indiscriminate, and is instead engaged in the popular tradition/rich heritage to the print as a means to social and political critique, especially obvious in the years between 1962 and 1980, from the Death and Dying series to the Endangered Species series. (Over this prolific period, Whorls oeuvre included references to the Civil Rights movement, the death penalty, and of course the Cold War. Even the artists early celebrity portraits are shrouded with both private and public tragedy: Marilyn, Elvis, Liz Taylor, J-K and Jackie O To me, Whorls deadpan cynicism has always seemed a calculated critique of the turbulent social and political climate. Its an ironic persona reflected in his favors an expression of apathy intended to induce the appropriate response from his viewers: shock and bewilderment that any artist, could produce images of graphic violence and human trauma with such apparent passivity. Multiplicity The first Of three formal qualities innate to printmaking I like boring things. l dont want it to be essentially the same want it to be exactly the same. Because the more you kick at the same exact thing, the more the meaning goes away and the better and emptier you feel. Such statements suggest a strategic, pre-emotive embrace of the very compulsive repetition that a consumerist society demands of us all. If you cant beat it, Warhol implies, join it. More: if you enter it totally, you might expose it: you might reveal its enforced automatism through your own excessive example. These remarks reposition the role of repetition in Warhol. Here repetition is both a draining of significance and a defending against effect. This is one function of repetition in our psychic lives: we recall traumatic events in order to place them into a psychic economy. Yet the Warhol repetitions are not restorative in this way; they are not about a naturalization of trauma, for his repetitions not only reproduce traumatic effects, but sometimes produce them as well. Repetition in Warhol is neither a simple representation of the world nor a superficial image. His repetition serves to filter traumatic reality, but it does so in a way that points to this reality nonetheless, Ultimately I would suggest that Whorls use of the multiple functions as a form of potent cultural critique, whether it emphasizes the horror, or butcher it desensitizing us to the violence in many of his images. Mutability (M/tit silk- greening, you pick a photograph, blow it up, transfer it in glue onto silk, and then roll ink across so that the ink goes through the silk but not through the glue. That way you get the same image, slightly different each time. It was all so simple quick and chancy. I was thrilled with it The screen-printing technique affords artists the latitude for simple yet dramatic changes, from impression to impression. With little trouble. One can shift color, and even scale. The image can be altered through adjustments to the matrix (or stencil, in this case), or during the printing process itself, through the irregular application of ink. When originally conceived of this talk, I intended to speak primarily to this one formal aspect of Whorls prints: his exploitation of the process to produce deliberate imperfections that (reflect the true disposition of his subjects) (inform the meaning behind his images,) (further enable the content of his work. ) contribute to the flatness of his subjects thus emphasizing their artificiality. Purposefully crude printing and MIS-registration disrupt the pictorial illusion, drawing attention to the flatness to each image that, in a metaphorical sense, speaks to the nature of fame, Whorls arbitrary colors suggest the UN-reality and artifice f each subject. These arent real people, but products, and you can have them anyway you want them. We construct reality the way we desire it to be the lips are larger, more red, the hair is more golden; they remain young and beautiful forever. Marilyn image that disintegrates and fades out. .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab , .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab .postImageUrl , .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab , .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab:hover , .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab:visited , .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab:active { border:0!important; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab:active , .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf5d19aacb2339cc1e8a39014502470ab:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Text and Traditions: Work Requirement One Historical Reconstruction EssayElvis that overlaps. (silver screen/motion Recombinant Potential The screening is among the most versatile of print techniques in regards to substrate. In other words, one can print on a diverse array of surfaces, including paper, wood, glass, plastics, textiles The exhibition ere at the GRAM demonstrates Whorls affinity for the aesthetic of the print on canvas a practice that effectively elevated screen-print ? a low-art technology of commerce to the privileged status of painting. Their visual translation into the language Of screen-printing homogenates every subject; the queen, a skull, a shoe, a can, Marilyn, all become part of the same glossy, colorful language. In addition to ones ability to print on a Wide spectrum Of surfaces, screen- printing allows an image to be saved (one may simply store and re-use the stencil or matrix in a later situation. ) Thus we see Whorls Vocabulary (lexicon? Of celebrities and other iconic images juxtaposed in shifting circumstances being exercised in a language of signs. These (printed signs) juxtapositions can homogenate even the most horrific of images, emphasizing our mediated relationship to the trauma depicted. This homogeneities leaves space for interpretation it can be argued that Warhol has intentionally treated the car crash and the Campbell soup as equal not as references to the actual world. Alternately, it might be argued that the images are intended to shock a complacent consumer culture back to reality through conspicuously violent juxtapositions. By positioning such horrific images in the proximity of the celebrity portrait, in the low art language of the advertisement, Warhol critiques a consumer culture lulled into apathy since the War by the numbing effects of Television, advertising, glossy celebrity tabloids, and the veritable glut of shiny new objects available for purchase on every store shelf. Id like to congratulate the GRAM on a wonderful exhibit. Curator Richard Axiom has done a marvelous job Of pulling together a broad spectrum of Whorls strongest/most resonant images ND Id like to invite you all downstairs/to the museums studio for screen-printing demonstration. THE IMAGERY: Celebrities or anonymous ? these are images to represent the masses. Art should be for the pubic. But how do you represent the public bode? through the icons they look to, or the anonymous Marilyn image that disintegrates and fades out. Elvis that overlaps. (silver screen/motion Whorls remark that all of what he has to say is right there on the surface is misinterpreted as mistaken as superficiality a dismissal of content argued that it supports indiscriminate images and passivity. I would argue that Whorls imagery is anything but indiscriminate, and is engaged in the long history of the print as a means of social critique. Want everybody to think alike. Russia is doing under government. Its happening here all by itself. Dont think art should be only for the select few. I think it should be for the mass of American people. How does one represent the mass of American people? Through its proxies, through its object of consumption, soup cans, Coke bottles. Media icons stand it for the body of the masses. Disaster and death were not his primary concerns, but rather the anonymous victims of history ? the masses. D and D evoke this mass subject, for in a society of spectacle this subject often appears only in stories and images of mass death. Celebrity and anonymity represent the mass subject. Enter into/immerse himself in the language of pop culture. Mitt silk-screening, you pick a photograph, blow it up, transfer it in glue onto silk, and then roll ink across so that the ink goes through the silk but not through the glue. That viva you get the same image, slightly different each time. It was all so simple quick and chancy. Was thrilled With it. Warhol hand-printed unique silkscreen images on canvas in the early sass, and he began simultaneously to translate this technique to printing on paper. He experiments with subjects that directly relate to his paintings of the same period, as in Canned, Race Riot, and the Ambulance Disaster. These works on paper were printed in monochromatic tones and screened in a method that retained the graininess and immediacy of the mass media images on which they were based, Warhol considered these works to he unique drawings, Changes in the ink saturation and/or in the composition during the printing process created variations in each work. Popular impressions of pop reduced to candy it was almost too effective in its critique, ceased to affliction as a critique irony and sardonic qualities become ye candy only another commodities visual confection.